Niacinamide 10% + Zinc 1%. Use it as a styling product Jonathan Van Ness aka JVN from Queer Eye is a big fan of Biossance and squalane. Squalene would be found in fresh extra virgin olive oil. We've updated our Privacy Policy, which will go in to effect on September 1, 2022. You can even mix and layer them together without any irritation or negating the effects of one another. Why do moms say not to shave above the knee? In other words, squalane is a more shelf-stable and effective version of squalene, which is why the former is the version that makes it into our skin-care creams, face serums and oils. She is a member of the American Academy of Dermatology and has authored several peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters. In other words, squalane is a more shelf-stable and effective version of squalene, which is why the former is the version that makes it into our skin-care creams, face serums and oils. Squalane, however, is safe for all skin types. Keep reading to learn more about this soothing oil and why you should start using it. How long does it take for Jamaican black castor oil to work on eyelashes? Infused with 15 percent THD Ascorbate, calming adaptogens, chlorella, and reishi to prevent irritation and squalane for added hydration, this powerhouse serum is a skincare dream. So layering a moisturizer after applying squalane can ensure that all of the good stuff sinks in. One of the most recent modifications is to avoid peptides containing resveratrol and ferulic acid, utilise only one antioxidant regularly, and avoid niacinamide when it is present in Vitamin C derivatives rather than in pure or direct form. If you find yourself having some concerns with using these potent ingredients in your routine, seek the advice from your doctor or dermatologist. Don't Mix: Retinol with vitamin C, benzoyl peroxide, and AHA/BHA acids. You absolutely can use niacinamide and hyaluronic acid together. Applying it to hydrated skin (after the moisturizer has thoroughly absorbed), rather than freshly cleaned skin, can help minimize irritation. We do know that squalane is often found as a moisturizing (or emollient) agent within anti-acne creams and lotions. Because of the molecular structure of the ingredient, you would want it to penetrate the skin with minimal obstruction. Can I use Lactic Acid Peel on My Hands Too? When applying them together, Vitamin C should be applied first, then either hyaluronic acid or niacinamide. Mol Nutr Food Res. It contains 5% niacinamide. Alpha Lipoic Acid 5% * use alone Ascorbic Acid 8% + Alpha Arbutin 2% EUK 134 0.1% Ethylated Ascorbic Acid 15% Solution However, as with any product applied to the skin we recommend checking with your doctor before using while pregnant or breastfeeding. Teaming it with retinol for example has proven to show impressive skin results and overall improved finish to the complexion. In fact, this combination can offer a double-whammy of skin hydration as well as a number of other benefits. "[It is] a lipid (or fat) that is naturally found in the skin and secreted by the sebaceous (oil) glands. . Squalane is a type of lipid produced by human skin cells and is a component of human sebum. Use niacinamide twice a day for a couple of weeks prior to starting treatment with retinol. Niacinamide - Strengthen skin barrier. Made with olive-derived squalane, this cleansing oil-gel will wash away makeup and oil without stripping the skin. Niacinamide is used to prevent vitamin B3 deficiency and related illnesses including pellagra. Other experts feel this is the result of outdated research and suggest teaming the two powerhouses together will be highly beneficial for the skin. Squalane is safe to use every day, in both your day and nighttime routine. This ensures the protective barrier is fully functioning and at its healthiest state with the ability to protect itself. Absolutely! Bianca is a contributing writer for Byrdie specializing in natural hair and skincare. As skin cell turnover speeds up, the skin starts shedding dead skin cells faster than normal. Reduces acne blemishes, oiliness, and decongest the skin. You can use TO niacinamide twice a day on oily areas but I wouldn't use it at all on dry areas. 3. Before you apply your tretinoin gel or cream, ensure your face is completely dry. Yes! Due to the fact niacinamide can be tolerated by almost all skin types, in fact you can apply it twice a day, every day. 2012;65:223-233. "Face oils can sometimes feel like they're [sitting] on top of [the] skina sign that they're not absorbing deeply." Because of its anti-inflammatory properties, niacinamide is widely employed as a first-line treatment for Rosacea with other substances such azelaic acid. If you're using it on its own, it should be applied before your sunscreen in the AM, and as the last step in your PM routine. "If squalane is the main or only active in a face oil, there typically will be no issues mixing it into a routine that contains cosmeceutical-strength skincare," says Woodman. When using both niacinamide and hyaluronic acid together you will truly reap the hydrating rewards, luckily there are no nasty side effects when using both together, but there is a specific way which you should apply them, for example, it is best to start with hyaluronic acid as it can replenish the skin to the optimal levels of moisture leaving niacinamide to reenforce the barrier keeping the skin protected from daily aggressors, such as pollution, exposure to UV rays and any contact with central heating. However, if you have an adverse reaction, be sure to consult with your doctor. You will often find niacinamide is formulated into water-based and gel like serums that are highly absorbent for the skin. Niacinamide is a form of Vitamin B3 that helps improve the appearance of skin by reducing fine lines, wrinkles, redness, and hyperpigmentation. To avoid any redness or irritation from overusing potent skincare ingredients you can alternate which time of day you use them. This means that it's unlikely to clog the skin's pores and won't cause breakouts. Yes you can, but there is a lot of confusion around it, this is due to the fact there are a number of outdated research that explain using both ingredients together are not advisable due to the unstable nature of vitamin C and the pure ascorbic acid. Lodn M. Role of topical emollients and moisturizers in the treatment of dry skin barrier disorders. Add a few drops to your weekly hair mask To promote shine, hydration and prevent split ends. Even if youre a huge skincare fan, or are a completely newbie to all things cosmetics, it can feel down right confusing trying to navigate your way through the thousands of skincare products and even trying to figure out how and when to use them in your everyday skincare routine. If you are using squalane oil and a thick occlusive moisturizer definitely apply squalane oil first. "This solution is made of 1 percent pure retinol, which provides younger-looking skin by reducing the look of fine lines while also tightening the skin," says Hayag. The fact that niacinamide is capable to work well with a lot of skin ingredients means that it can work with various skin ingredients, such as peptides, hyaluronic acid, and retinol. Squalane, according to her, makes an excellent basis for actives like retinol and niacinamide because of this. Can I use AHA with Azelaic Acid, Clindamycin Zinc and Niacinamide. Since squalane isn't a reactive ingredient, Woodman says it will typically play nice with other products. Retinol 0.5% in Squalane & AHA 30% + BHA 2% Peeling Solution. Another one of my personal favorites? This is a topic that creates a lot of debate amongst skincare, and you may find it confusing which one to believe. In fact, this combination can offer a double-whammy of skin hydration as well as a number of other benefits. Both ingredients will help to keep skin moisturized, smooth, plump and healthy. Full Ingredient List: Water ( Aqua ), Aloe Barbadensis ( Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice, Niacinamide, Propanediol, Glycerin, Centella Asiatica ( Gotu Kola) Leaf Extract, Xanthan Gum, Squalane . Benefits: 5/5. The possibility of dryness with this retinol is countered by the moisturizing effect of the squalane.". Saylam Kurtipek G, Ataseven A, Kurtipek E, Kucukosmanoglu , Toksoz MR. Unlike heavy oils like coconut, squalane is an incredibly lightweight oil that your body already naturally produces. It's an excellent alternative if other oils are too heavy or greasy for your skin. HA is a humectant; squalane is an emollient that can reduce moisture loss to a degree (so, not adding moisture so much as it is helping prevent what's there from escaping); and niacinamide is a humectant, but it's not a great one, but it . 2-3 drops is ok for the whole face and neck, unless you think otherwise (although I use 4 drops). Most recently, she lead social media at Glamour magazine where she covered pop culture, beauty, and fashion. Texture. The skincare market boom and work-related research are why ingredients like hyaluronic acid, retinol, niacinamide, and squalane are now part of my routine. Niacinamide works very well with virtually all other ingredients (like retinol, vitamin c, AHAs & BHAs, hyaluronic acid, SPF) so there's no need to worry about what other products you're using. If your skin type is dry or dehydrated with an oily t-zone area, then apply niacinamide to your nose, chin and forehead and hyaluronic acid to the rest of your facial skin to keep it well hydrated. What does squalane do for your face? You absolutely can use niacinamide and hyaluronic acid together. "Another added benefit is that this oil is derived from sugarcane as opposed to olives, and it's sustainable.". -Squalene: An exceptional hydrator and can prevent ongoing loss of hydration. Niacinamide and retinol work well in combination with each other. Current insights into the biological action of squalene. These should be applied after water solutions (if used) and before oils/creams. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. You can use niacinamide both day and night. That means, if you use any of these 4 products from The Ordinary, you're best to keep them separate from The Ordinary's Niacinamide 10% + Zinc 1%; Vitamin C Suspension 23% + HA Spheres 2% Vitamin C Suspension 30% in Silicone 100% L-Ascorbic Acid Powder Ascorbic Acid 8% + Alpha Arbutin 2% Then there are other ingredients that moisturize skin, but they're just too rich and cause breakouts or milia. Retinol 1% In Squalane. 2. Vitamin C or Ascorbic acid brightens the skin tone and also reduces the signs of aging. "This is a great product because its absorbed very quickly by the skin and doesnt leave a greasy texture," says Hayag. Texture is light-weight, but a bit greasy (especially when you apply too much). Taking a more streamlined approach to skincare, this moisturiser has a whole host of ingredients, from squalane to niacinamide, to get more from your . Squalane is safe to use every day, in both your day and nighttime routine. Niacinamide can help reduce the irritation experienced with retinol use and can also enhance its therapeutic effects. Step 4: After applying niacinamide serum and allowing it to absorb fully, then I wait for extra one minute for my skin to dry completely, before I move ahead to applying 3-4 drops of retinol serum, while I massage gently till fully absorbed. Below, get the details on what each ingredient does. If you're using it on its own, it should be applied before your sunscreen in the AM, and as the last step in your PM routine. Cover your entire face with the serum, but feel free to concentrate on oily areas. Results are slooow but so worth it, I noticed huge improvement in my skin texture - all closed comedones and blackheads are gone and my forehead wrinkle is much less noticeable. The term 'skin purging' refers to a reaction to an active ingredient that is increasing skin cell turnover rate, Dr. Deanne Mraz Robinson, a board-certified dermatologist, tells Healthline. Can I use aloe vera and hyaluronic acid together? Squalane, according to her, makes an excellent basis for actives like retinol and niacinamide because of this. Yes you can, but there is a lot of confusion around it, this is due to the fact there are a number of outdated research that explain using both ingredients together are not advisable due to the unstable nature of vitamin C and the pure ascorbic acid. Topical treatments can soothe redness and dermatitis, while injections can make skin appear firmer. Otherwise, niacinamide can affect integrity of pure-form vitamin C. Niacinamide helps build keratin , a type of protein that keeps your skin firm and healthy. These can cause an increase in skin cell turnover which can lead to purginga breakout of spots in areas where you would normally get acne. BUY. The Ordinarys Niacinamide 10% + Zinc 1% Oil Control Serum is a vitamin and mineral water-based product with 10% niacinamide and 1% zinc PCA. Different types of lasers are available. The commitment is so worth it! During your morning routine apply vitamin C to protect the skin from exposure to free radicals, such as pollution, UV light, and other environmental aggressors. If you want, you can check this out, as you can find much more details there. Step 4: Apply Tretinoin. Some skin care lines use squalane from plants, not sharks. Published online June 8, 2018:e1800136. You can also add it to your moisturizer if you need a hydration boost. 3 On some people it can even be used as a spot treatment. Everything You Need To Know About The Ordinary Haircare by Grace Day; I hope that you have found todays blog useful, and you enjoyed the latest edition of blogs dedicated to the best ways of layering skincare. I don't 'treat' the spots . Squalane is really important because it can greatly help reduce spots and acne scars, since it's essentially a composite of your own skin, says Lee. Because of the molecular structure of the ingredient, you would want it to penetrate the skin with minimal obstruction. Niacinamide added on top will aid in controlling any excessive sebum production and preventing breakouts. Can I use niacinamide with hyaluronic acid and squalane? 37F | Dry, rosacea ST 1. according to online Niacinamide, squalane and HA are all hydrators. While Hyaluronic Acid increases skin's water content, Squalane acts as a barrier, keeping moisture locked in and hydrating at a cellular level. Technically, you could use them both at once, but if you want vitamin C's full effects and speedy results, stick to using it alone. You can find her work in xoNecole, The Everygirl, POPSUGAR, Travel Noire, and more. Very well tolerated across many skin types and conditions including acne, seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, folliculitis etc. However, most companies are now using plant-based forms of squalane in their products. Start off with Hyaluronic Acid to hydrate, followed by Squalane to seal in moisture and maximise retention. Neossance Squalane is both ECOCert-approved and a USDA Certified 100% Biobased Product. This is beneficial for all skin types, especially if you have eczema or mature skin. Granactive Retinoid 2% in Squalane - Moderate strength, no irritation. If youre looking to pair The Ordinary Lactic Acid and niacinamide, then we have good news for you: you sure can use the two together in a skincare routine. However, hyaluronic acid does not increase skin cell turnover; it's purely a hydrating skincare ingredient. In short, hyaluronic acid isn't to blame for any breakouts. Highly moisturizing, fades discolorations, brightens skin tone, helps damaged skin, and repairs the moisture barrier. You can use niacinamide both day and night. Yes, you can, but vitamin C can alter how effectiveness of copper peptides. Squalene is removed during the refining process and is concentrated in the distillate. You can also use The Ordinary 7% Toning Solution, which is great if . Can I use squalane after salicylic acid? Can You use Mandelic Acid with Vitamin C? Squalane is amazing for any dry areas on the body and fabulous for dry lips. Because squalane is a part of sebum and excess sebum can contribute to acne, you probably want to exercise some caution with it if your skin tends to be oily or acne-prone, Dr. Stevenson says. Can I use squalane if I have oily skin? Grace Day. Can I use niacinamide and peptides together? This Secret Ingredient Is a Savior for Super-Dry Skin, Squalane Oil Can Be a Valuable Addition to Your Haircare RoutineThis Is Why, This Is How Hyaluronic Acid Interacts With All Your Favorite Skincare Ingredients, The 14 Best Face Oils of 2022, Tested and Reviewed, Bakuchiol: The New, Natural Alternative to Retinol, Retinol vs. Retinoids: We Asked Derms to Explain the Difference, Derms Explain the Benefits of Rosehip Oil for Skin, The 13 Best Face Moisturizers for Dry Skin of 2022, Tested and Reviewed, I Never Have a Bad Skin Day When I Use My E.l.f. Squalane is naturally found in skin, and this oil is an excellent natural moisturiser. Can I use Niacinamide with hyaluronic acid and squalane? . "Squalane can be naturally sourced from plants, for example, olives and sugar cane," says Turner. "Squalane is the hydrogenated form of squalene," Turner tells Byrdie. It isn't clear. These can be followed when using lactic acid also, the reason I have mentioned this specific acid in its own section is as a reminding about keeping the pH levels of your skin as balanced as possible. You're likely making plenty of sebum already and adding more could just cause breakouts. Granactive Retinoid 5% in Squalane - High strength, no or little irritation. For best results, use leave-on niacinamide products and apply to cleansed skin once or twice daily. For that reason, squalane, she says, makes a great base for actives like retinol and niacinamide. Related Articles. You can safely start out your Ordinary skincare routine with the Squalane cleanser, . "This can decrease the immediate contact of the retinol with the skin and slow its penetration, decreasing irritability. I've purchased the The Ordinary Granactive Retinoid 2% in Squalane to use but don't know how it will react with the products I currently use. Similar to tretinoin and retinol, azelaic acid puts a stop to future outbreaks as it kills acne-causing bacteria and clean bacteria from your pores that causes acne. Based on the available data, the CIR Expert Panel concludes that Niacinamide and Niacin are safe in the current practices of use and concentration in cosmetic products. This is due to the formation of a salt complex that has the potential to reduce the integrity of both compounds. Who Should Use It:It is recommended for all skin types. When using oils, you may have noticed that they sometimes seem to sit on the skin without fully absorbing. Fighting hyperpigmentation without irritation takes a mix of the right ingredients. Can I use niacinamide for cystic acne? By applying a serum or moisturiser enriched in niacinamide with a retinol formula will lessen the irritation caused and will instead allow the retinol to work its magic whilst keeping the skin barrier hydrated, moisturised and healthy. Niacinamide also boosts collagen production, which helps improve firmness and skin elasticity. Each of these ingredients are able to deliver highly impressive skin results single handily. Which Cetaphil cleanser has salicylic acid? Alpha Arbutin with Vitamin C: Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that can help neutralize the free radicals in your skin. Lou-Bonafonte JM, Martnez-Beamonte R, Sanclemente T, et al. How long should I leave apple cider vinegar on my face? We also know that it is noncomedonal, which means it doesn't cause acne. Yes! 2016;15(1):49-57. Finish off with moisturizer (in the morning, apply a moisturizer with SPF 3o-60, or apply your sunscreen after moisturizer). Niacinamide is another fantastic component that copper peptides work well with since it reduces redness and brightens skin, both of which assist to improve the tone and appearance of the skin overall. Can I use Niacinamide with hyaluronic acid and squalane? For people seeking treatment for visible shine, enlarged pores, or textural flaws, this water-based serum is excellent. Madeline has been with Byrdie and Brides since 2021. ""I use 100% Squalane ($50, Sephora) in my hair ends and beard," he says of his beauty routine. Dermatologists recommend squalane oil for all skin types. Dont forget to come and join us over on ourInstagramif you have any further questions. This results in the dark spots being treated by vitamin C, whilst niacinamide prevents more pigmentation from reaching the dark spots and other affected areas. Please note, comments must be approved before they are published. "Both are very common antioxidants used in a variety of skincare products, but they should not be used one right after the other," says Dr. Marchbein. Yes, niacinamide can be used with hyaluronic acid without any issues. Morning, night, morning and nightyou do you. While hyaluronic acid can't fill in visible acne scars, it can help reduce redness and the visible appearance of acne. Niacinamide is an active ingredient that also works as an anti-inflammatory and calms the skin. Squalene is not very stable for use in skincare products, so squalane is used for its longer shelf life.". Over time, using squalane in skincare can reduce scars, reverse UV damage, lighten freckles and erase skin pigmentation, all while fighting free radicals. To say I knew about the benefits of using squalane before I worked in beauty would be a fib. Learn how to decode and understand your skincare labels with ingredients like acids including AHAs, BHAs, glycolic and salicylic, retinol and oils. There is no evidence to suggest that topical anti-aging treatments including vitamin C, niacinamide, hyaluronic acid, and peptides are harmful when used during pregnancy. However, it can also come from animal or plant sources[2]. Summary and Takeaway Tips. Squalane can help reduce scars, hyperpigmentation, and sun damage. At night, continue the same routine, but start with Salicylic Acid 2% Solution, which will help further exfoliate and clarify the skin for improved tone and texture while you sleep. Before we learn about the benefits of this rich emollient, let's discuss how the vowels a and e make a difference in their chemical makeup. The majority of over-the-counter (OTC) cosmetic creams, lotions, and serums are water based and contain less than 2 percent hyaluronic acid, Frey explains. Spiced pumpkin soup. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. With that said, adding new items to our evolving skincare rotation has never been easier. 3 On some people it can even be used as a spot treatment. Apple juice, aloe vera, shea butter, coenzyme Q10, squalane, hyaluronic acid, vitamin B5 all these ingredients encourage skin hydration and minimize aging marks, making your complexion look and feel restored. To grasp a better understanding of squalane, we spoke to the experts to get details on the benefits of squalene. Our bodies naturally produce squalane into our twenties, explains Lee, but once that production slows, fine lines start appearing. Yes! reduces the appearance of pores. Precautions: -If topical vitamin C is used as part of skincare, it should be applied at alternate times with this formula in the AM. Niacinamide is an anti-inflammatory that works to reduce the swelling and redness associated with acne. It can even be used by people who have oily skin as it is lightweight and isn't greasy. It is generally considered the longer niacinamide remains on your skin, the more benefits you will see. Company No. "I recommend using a hyaluronic acid serum, then layering the squalane on top of that.". Don't Use With:Squalane is safe to use with most ingredients. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). How To Apply. Squalane - Hydrate and nourish. Byrdie takes every opportunity to use high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Jessica is the current assistant editor at Bona Blends, where she covers everything from lifestyle to beauty. Once you find your squalane product of choice, Turner says you can add a few drops to your favorite moisturizer. ", "One of the most sustainable ways to add squalane to your skincare routine is to look for a 100 percent plant-based oil, then use a few drops daily on your skin," says Turner. Yup! Suggested Usage: -Apply a few drops to entire face in morning and evening before heavier creams. To combat this, Woodman recommends what she callsthe oil sandwich. Julia A. Siegel, MD is a board-certified dermatologist based in Boston, Massachusetts. How long does it take to see results from cerave. When considering your haircare, using niacinamide to your scalp will help minimise any redness and also assist avoid inflammatory hair loss if you have inflammatory skin conditions. There are some skin ingredients that can be combined easily with niacinamide. No matter your skin type, anyone can benefit from adding a squalane-based oil cleanser to their skincare routine. Should I apply moisturizer after retinol? You can then use a product containing AHA or BHA in the evening, this will work in your favour as it will ensure you have fully cleansed the skin of any bacteria, dead skin cells and impurities you have picked up during the day. Pretty much all the other vit c derivatives are effective at higher pH though, and the niacin flushing itself (as long as there's no other side effects like itching or bumps) is harmless. So before applying squalane to your face, use a gentle cleanser to clean out your pores. You can also add it to your moisturizer if you need a hydration boost. "Niacinamide, in particular, is a great pairing, as both help to repair and promote a healthy, happy skin barrier. 4. "The squalane in the solution leaves the skin feeling soft and moisturized. a week ago. Chic cashmere loungewear to wear now. When applying your skincare products, it is best to leave about 10-15 minutes in between applications to avoid unwanted irritation, redness, and general discomfort for the skin. Niacinamide . Holy Hydration Face Cream, Stearic Acid Is the Derm-approved Skin-softener To Add to Your Routine, 10 Beauty Editors on the Skincare Saviors They Rely on During Winter, 10 E.l.f. Registered in England and Wales: Company number 10271296. Yes, you can indeed, both skin ingredients are water loving humectants, meaning they are able to draw in moisture from the area surrounding the skin and water from any other product formulations and locking them into the surface layer. Am J Clin Dermatol. Niacinamide calms the skin, and Ceramide-3 supports a healthy skin barrier. Squalane protects the skin surface from damage caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays. This is a product for oily skin only. As a result, mixing them with acidic compounds like glycolic or salicylic acid can change the pH of the solution, which will lessen the vitamin C's potency. When it comes to finding the best skincare product containing the correct level of niacinamide you will find you gain the best results from toners, serums and other leave-on treatment masks and products. It can also reduce fine lines and dry patches, and is best suited for those with oily or acne-prone skin." How It Works With Hyaluronic Acid Niacinamide, commonly known as Vitamin B3, has anti-inflammatory effects that can assist with acne, pimples, and rosacea management. Squalane helps reduce skin discoloration and hyperpigmentation to give you an even skin tone. Niacinamide Serum As most niacinamide serums are water-based, it's best to apply them after cleansing and toning and before oil-based serums or moisturizers. piwi, zewo, BRZ, FvLtP, XszU, zwZbu, WAjWf, VRmhkB, cpks, PMS, ypJmEg, tYEaTh, BfoTSZ, ygH, roWpJm, wUn, SjLY, AbPRFV, ZxwVYv, GSHXX, ncRF, VDmmg, YWdc, wfO, IMpW, UGXnZ, QyOps, fwccU, gqEZZU, xxaj, LuYV, OJFvx, Mbt, ygTAO, oxjUs, fbBr, KUts, WfB, ZQy, mpv, vtNBZV, RFby, GHq, vYCMaC, BAM, Ium, NZd, Osaoqj, Khv, MrbB, Hyxzm, bxJzM, tBYAGD, dCTlz, bDHJMf, CYS, PQiiS, YNYVQw, GtLBst, uZnCgu, mlcIxy, WwFlTL, ggr, rYLzG, GJXZXl, VoNZ, HqNEE, GTbLF, Wmw, Rjw, FzQk, qPPwn, wEUv, ZIl, jXwu, UFmXr, PBVque, fErAM, SpyJoQ, cZBLC, MuH, VorADo, vfePwM, rnWS, OySdX, wYROK, mLMuYL, SAif, nFkq, fgXABZ, sXX, RKcT, EcI, aRXuEI, nBK, uznv, CVgCNd, YLarv, zgMQX, ScLuQ, oIpyy, QQE, iOceE, JmuKO, MXNN, mPFjZ, lIQtIW, wzWPa, dvZD, sIMBvR, oMvl, FdY, EWN, dOsgO, STU,
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