April 13: The Germans announced that they had discovered 4,400 bodies of Polish officers in a mass grave in Russia's Katyn Forest, the first concrete evidence of the Katyn Massacre of May 1940. June: U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall gave a paper at Harvard in which he spoke of an urgent need to help Europe rebuild and later that year, the Marshall Plan doing just that took effect. People read John Herseys book Hiroshima and Robert Penn Warrens novel All the Kings Men. Women are in the workforce and in uniform. Access early American history and history firsts. The plan was to conquer the western Soviet Union and repopulate it with Germans; and in the process, the German armies captured some five million troops and starved or otherwise killed 3.3 million prisoners of war. Roosevelt sends emergency food aid to the Soviet Union. Jukeboxes go into mass production. After considering all options, Truman gives the order and on August 6, 1945, the US drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. The Ed Sullivan Show premieres on television. RCA markets 45 rpm records and record player. Leo Fender invents the electric guitar. The Battle of the Bulge begins in December as Hitler musters 500,000 troops along the Allied front from southern Belgium into Luxembourg. Feb 17 Altmark Incident: Crew of the British destroyer "Cossack" board German "Altmark" in Jssingfjord, Norway, releasing 299 British prisoners after hand-to-hand fighting with bayonets and the last recorded Royal Naval action with cutlass Feb 20 Larry Clinton & his Orchestra record "Limehouse Blues" Feb 22 Finnish troops vacate Koivisto island June 24: After the Soviet Union blocked Western Allies' routes into sections of Berlin in the Berlin Blockade, the U.S. and British organized the Berlin Airlift to bring supplies to West Berlin. "The War Years: A Timeline of the 1940s." People are reading The Naked and the Dead; The Age of Anxiety; Cry, the Beloved Country; and Intruder in the Dust. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/1940s-timeline-1779951. At the end of 1941 the government halts the production of cars to save steel, glass and rubber for war industries. May 26June 4: Britain was forced to retreat from France in theDunkirk evacuation. New Zealander Sir Edmund Hillary first to reach summit of Everest. In bitter cold, they push ahead 50 miles, creating a bulge in the Allied lines. Important Events 1940-1950. 1960. The 100th Battalion fights in North Africa, Italy, France and Germany. Take a minute to review many of CDC's momentous contributions to public health since it was organized in 1946 as the Communicable Disease Center. 18 June Election of Edward Heath's Conservative government in UK. Britain's King Edward VIII abdicated the throne. US General Leslie R. Groves is appointed to direct the Manhattan Project, a top secret effort to build an atomic weapon before Germany or Japan. August 21: Russian Revolution leaderLeon Trotskywas assassinated in Mexico City. Offers a chronological timeline of important dates and events in the history of the United States of America. It began in the late 1940s and ended in the late 1960s. black and Japanese American troops are among those who liberate concentration camps and expose German atrocities. Meet the Press, televisions longest running program begins. Three days later, the second bomb is dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. George C. Marshall, Army chief of staff during World War II and US secretary of state from 1947-1949, developed the European Recovery Program, known as the Marshall Plan, designed to rebuild the devastated cities of Europe. 1970. Influential books include: The Second Sex, presenting the idea of male oppression of women; 1984, describing a bleak, fascist future; and Norman Vincent Peales upbeat Guide to Confident Living. May 1: Cheerios cereal, or rather CheeriOats as it was known then, was introduced. It is both a fast and accurate serologic test for syphilis, The first practical use for the fluorescent antibody technique is utilized in the CDC laboratories to research communicable diseases of bacterial origin, During the national polio immunization program, EIS officers trace 260 polio cases to improper vaccine production methods. In 1967, the group is renamed the National Medical Audiovisual Center and administratively transferred to the National Library of Medicine, CDCs Venereal Disease Program changes its name to National Syphilis Eradication program as efforts are placed on strengthening the epidemiologic process, CDC establishes a Laboratory Consultation and Development Section to upgrade laboratory performance and to promote increased standardization, A field station to study fungal and viral diseases is established in Kansas City, Kansas, An investigation into a cancer cluster expands CDCs reach into chronic diseases, The Tuberculosis Program transfers from the U.S. Public Health Service to CDC. Normal rainfall returns and farmers harvest a big crop of corn, wheat, soybeans, and other crops. It proved immensely popular, with several advantages over the fountain pena smooth ball bearing instead of a scratchy nib, and an instant-drying ink that only had to be refilled once every six months. Rosenberg, Jennifer. At the same time, the jump in postwar births, known as the "baby boom," increased the number of consumers. August 15: Emperor Hirohito announces the surrender of Japan, formally signed on September 2. Death of Josef Stalin - Nikita Khruschev becomes Premiere. CDC quickly sets up an influenza surveillance unit, a joint operation of the Epidemiology and Laboratory Branches, National guidelines for an influenza vaccine are developed. Frank Sinatra and Dinah Shore are Americas most popular singers. 2020s | 2010s| 2000s | 1990s | 1980s | 1970s | 1960s | 1950s | 1940s. President Harry Trumans State of the Union address and the Baseball World Series are televised. The US advocates peace but starts supplying Britain aid to help that country defend itself. The Marshall Plan was a $13 billion effort to boost European economies, as well as to halt the spread of Communism. The Treasure of the Sierra Madre, Johnny Belinda, The Snake Pit, and Red River are at the movies. The War Years: A Timeline of the 1940s. 1940-1960 1940 Roosevelt makes destroyers-for-bases deal with the British Fall of France First peacetime draft 1941 Lend-Lease, Battle of Britain, Hitler attacks USSR Atlantic Charter Japan attacks Pearl Harbor 1942 Allied year of disaster U. S. interns Japanese U. S. halts Japanese at Coral Sea and Midway 1943 Tide turns against Axis In the surprise attack, more than 350 Japanese airplanes sink 12 US ships and destroy or damage more than 300 aircraft. Albert Camus (1913-1960) John Cheever (1912-1982) Jean Genet (1910-1986) Alien Ginsberg (1926-1997) Lillian Hellman (1905-1984) Nearly 400,000 Mexican Americans serve in the military during the war; others work in industry. The United States Supreme Court decides the Boynton v. Virginia case. Executive Order 9981, ending segregation in the United States military in signed into effect by President Harry S. Truman. The United States was drawn into World War II with the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 1941 and was then involved in both the European and Pacific theaters until peace came in May 1945 in Europe and August of that year in the Pacific. General Groves starts engineering and production centers at Los Alamos, New Mexico, directed by physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer; Oak Ridge, Tennessee; and at the Hanford Engineer Works in eastern Washington. Winston Churchill becomes prime minister. Nazi leaders call a conference to coordinate the final solution to the Jewish question what comes to be known as The Holocaust, the systematic genocide of Jews and other minorities that do not fall within Hitlers concept of a master Aryan race. July 8: French resistance leader Jean Pierre Moulin is said to have died on a train near Metz and headed to Germany after being tortured by the Nazis. After 36 days of vicious fighting that kills 20,000 Japanese and 4,000 Americans, the Japanese retreat from the island. A group of movie and television writers, producers, and directors are called as witnesses by the House Un-American Activities Committee. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Battle of Britain begins. This decade left an indelible mark on all but the youngest of Americans that lasted for the rest of their lives. Benjamin O. Davis, Sr. is appointed as General in the United States Army, becoming the first African-American to hold such a position. Congress authorizes money to build planes and ships, housing for soldiers, and establishes new military bases across the country. This program alone resulted in the murder of an estimated 275,000 persons by war's end. DNA is isolated by Oswald Avery. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. October: The Warsaw Ghetto, the largest of the Jewish ghettos opened by the Nazi, was established in Poland, and would eventually house as many as 460,000 Jews there in an area of 1.3 square miles. U.S. trades 50 destroyers for leases on British bases in Western Hemisphere. October 31: In South Dakota, Mount Rushmore, a sculpture of 60-foot-high faces of four U.S. presidents, was completed after 14 years under the direction of Gutzon Borglum. That's easy it's the best way to study for AP classes and AP exams! Jun 21, 1943, Race riots in Detroit and Harlem. President Roosevelt freezes prices, and wages to prevent inflation. March 19: The Tuskegee Air Squadron, also known as the Tuskegee Airmen, is established by the U.S. Army. Americans continue their hard work, cooperation, and patriotism. CDC twenty four seven. German dictator Adolf Hitler invades Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands , Belgium, Luxembourg, and then France. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. An estimated 7,00010,000 soldiers died along the way in what became known as the Bataan Death March. 1955: Montgomery Bus Boycott, emergence of Martin Luther King, Jr. February 1315: British and American forces launched an aerial bombing attack on the city of Dresden, effectively destroying over 12,000 buildings in the city's old town and inner eastern suburbs. Medicare. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. Tom Train Wreck Novak earns 1949 All-America honors on a team with a 4-5 record. The first year of the 1940s was filled with war-related news. Web. May 14: After years of experimentation and investment, stockings made of nylon rather than silk hit the market because silk was needed for the war effort. Together, they are known as the 332nd Fighter group and come home with 150 medals. April 15: Jackie Robinson joined the Brooklyn Dodgers, becoming the first African-American baseball player in the Major Leagues. In 1946, the first digital computer is introduced at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering in Philadelphia. Prison inmates help harvest beets and potatoes in western states. 1930s; 1940s; 1950s; 1960s; 1970s; 1980s; 1990s; 2000s; 2010s 31 December By the time World War II was over, nearly 300,000 Americans had been killed. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. August 29: The Soviet Union conducted the first nuclear bomb test,in what is today Kazakhstan. Selective Training and Service Act signed into law as first peacetime military draft in United States history Marines land at Iwo Jima. Employment jumps. U.S. History Timeline (1940s and 1950s) PDF Image Main Satellite Nation November 29, 1943 The satellite nations are the regions between Germany and russia that were formed with the assistance of the UN after the end of WWII. Timeline of events from 1945-1960 PDF Image Zoom Out Main United Nations (UN) founded. February 411: The leaders of the United States (President Franklin Roosevelt), the United Kingdom (Prime Minister Winston Churchill) and the Soviet Union (premier Josef Stalin) met to decide the post-war fate of Germany and Europe, at the Yalta Conference. Neil Armstrong became the first human being to walk on the moon on July 20, 1969. 1930s; 1940s; 1950s; 1960s; 1970s; 1980s; 1990s; 2000s; 2010s March: British astronomer Fred Hoyle, appearing on a BBC radio program, described the current theory of how the universe began as "one big bang at a particular time in the remote past," making the notion accessible to the public imagination and even though he didn't at the time accept it. Jennifer Rosenberg is a historian and writer who specializes in 20th-century history. Movies: Twelve OClock High, Sands of Iwo Jima, Battleground, and The Third Man.. Popular jazz musicians are saxophonist Charlie Parker, trumpeter Miles Davis, pianist Earl Powell, drummer Max Roach, pianist-composer Thelonious Monk, and composer-arranger Gil Evans. Bill is signed by President Roosevelt, providing financial aid to World War II veterans. The Korean War. More than 16 million men register for the draft, which also allows for conscientious objectors to be employed in non-combat work. Internment Camps in U.S. By executive order, President Harry Truman abolishes racial segregation in the US armed forces. African Americans united and organized, and a triumph of the civil rights movement ended Jim Crow segregation in the Southern . ThoughtCo. Howdy Doody begins its 13 years on television. Saving Lives, Protecting People, David J. Sencer CDC Museum: In Association with the Smithsonian Institution, NIOSH/OSHA Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, Gamma Globulin in the Prophylaxis of Poliomyelitis, The Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) is established, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, CDC investigates health effects related to the Three-Mile Island nuclear incident, CDC assumes lead responsibility in the U.S. Public Health Service for environmental emergency response, Last recorded wild case of polio in the United States, CDC holds the first international conference on, An expanded maximum containment laboratory (hot lab) is opened to handle viruses that are too dangerous to handle in ordinary laboratories, CDC receives the report of the last case of naturally-acquired variola minor, the milder strain of the variola virus that causes, CDC diagnoses two recruits at Fort Dix, New Jersey with, Epidemiologists investigate a deadly outbreak of a respiratory disease among attendees at a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania convention, CDC sends disease detectives to investigate two large outbreaks in Zaire and Sudan of an unknown deadly hemorrhagic fever, a disease later known as Ebola, Environmental Services Division analyzes blood samples collected through NHANES to demonstrate that the level of lead in blood is related to exposure to gasoline. This program alone resulted in the murder of an estimated 275,000 persons by war's end. April 9: At least 72,000 American and Filipino prisoners of war began a forced march by the Japanese 63 miles from the southern tip of the Bataan Peninsula to Camp O'Donnell in the Philippines. Albert Einstein writes President Franklin D. Roosevelt, alerting the President to the importance of research on nuclear chain reactions and the possibility that research . On August 9, the US drops an atomic bomb on Nagasaki. By the end of the airlift, pilots log more than 277,000 flights. U.S. History - Technology Project #2 - Timeline of Different U.S. The GI Bill of Rights is passed, providing a variety of benefits for military veterans. Continue to Timeline of Events: 1951 to 1970. Information Sources: 1960 1. The tragedy destroys the entire city. One-story, split-level houses, called ranch style homes, become a trend in post-war housing construction. Carousel opens on Broadway in New York City. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. With World War II over, the news lightened up considerably in 1946. May: The Katyn Forest massacre of 22,000 Polish military officers and intelligentsia was conducted in Russia by the Soviet Union. December 20: The landmark holiday movie "It's a Wonderful Life" had its premiere; it opened to mixed reviews. War industries boost the growth of cities as farm-dwellers move to the cities and work in defense industries. In 1942 the government stops manufacture of refrigerators, radios, sewing machines, vacuum cleaners, and phonographs. August 13: The Manhattan Project, a U.S. federally-funded effort to develop and produce nuclear weapons, began. The government confirms to a New Mexico newspaper that a flying saucer has crashed near Roswell and alien bodies were recovered from the site; but the source later cancels all accounts of the crash, saying the object was a government weather balloon. It is used to for batch business-oriented applications, New surveillance systems added to the original National Surveillance Program of 1952 include measles, shigellosis, tetanus, and trichinosis, The special Interagency Committee on Back Contamination (ICBC) is created to determine how to protect Earth from moon contamination, A four-week smallpox campaign in Anapa, Brazil is launched to demonstrate and evaluate the jet injector equipment in field operations under a variety of conditions, The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) approaches CDC for help in working out methods that would ensure that germs from Earth do not get transported into space, CDC holds first meeting of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (, Hospital Infections Unit is established as part of the epidemiology program, First jet injector studies with smallpox vaccine are conducted in the country of Tonga, CDC assigns an EIS officer to work on family planning, expanding the agencys work to global population issues, Smallpox Unit of the Surveillance Section is established in Bureau of Epidemiology, All state health departments, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Department of Agriculture join CDC in establishing the, CDCs Audiovisual Training Branch changes its name to the National Medical Audiovisual Facility, establishing it as the central audiovisual facility for the U.S. Public Health Service. "The War Years: A Timeline of the 1940s." During the night, over 5,300 ships and 11,000 planes had crossed the English Channel and landed on the beaches of Normandy. In Eastern Europe, 200,000 German troops surrender to Soviet forces after months of savage fighting and heavy losses on both sides. Iowan Henry Wallace is vice president. August 23: The Battle of Stalingrad began, the largest confrontation of Germany and its allies against the Soviet Union in an attempt to gain control of the city. With television programming comes the start of commercials. In 1942, World War II continued to dominate the news. The years most popular song is Chattanooga Choo Choo by Glenn Miller, who spent time as a child in North Platte, Nebraska. September 12: The entrance to Lascaux Cave, containing Stone Age paintings dated to 15,00017,000 years old, was discovered by three French teenagers. The US Air Force begins Operation Haylift, an emergency effort to get food to 2 million cattle and sheep stranded by heavy snow on the Great Plains. The morning of June 6, 1944, (known as D-Day) 3,000 warships carry 200,000 American and British soldiers cross the stormy English Channel and land on the heavily fortified beaches of Normandy, France, to begin a vicious battle with the German army. "1940-1960" StudyNotes.org. From this research the Cholesterol Standardization Program is developed, An influenza pandemic emerges in Hong Kong with millions of cases and thousands of deaths. The accident killed three hundred and twenty people. October 29: The Reynolds pen, an early ballpoint, went on sale in the U.S. Because copper is needed for war material, 1943 US pennies are made from steel and zinc. Congress passes several laws related to national defense, including the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940, which provides drafting and training men for the army and navy, marines and national guard. School enrollment goes down as teenagers took jobs or join the military. The war in Europe is over. 5 Jan. Leslie Hore-Belisha, Britain's Minister of War, is dismissed. DDT is developed to wipe out lice, a carrier of typhus, a disease which is infecting soldiers. The musical Brigadoon and the play A Streetcar Named Desire launch on Broadway. The Venereal Disease Division is transferred from the U.S. Public Health Service to CDC, bringing two important innovations to CDCs activities: a grant program and a new kind of employee, The rapid plasma reagin (RPR) blood test for syphilis is developed at Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) on the Chamblee campus. German dictator Adolf Hitler invades Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands , Belgium, Luxembourg, and then France. January 30: The philosopher and leader of India Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated by an advocate of Hindu nationalism. Nearly one million men, women, and children in the Leningrad, Russia, die from starvation and cold during a two-and-a-half-year siege and blockade by German troops. The musicals South Pacific and Gentlemen Prefer Blondes and the play Death of Salesman are popular. This selection is meant to draw attention to a number of events in Canadian history that left an indelible mark on the lives of the people of the time and an indisputable memory in the minds of later generations . Walt Disney releases Pinocchio and Fantasia. Other movies include The Great Dictator, The Philadelphia Story, and The Grapes of Wrath, staring former Nebraskan Henry Fonda. President Roosevelt urges Americans to support the war effort, and the country shifts into a wartime economy.
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