Over time the rondeaus identity as a poem only got more complicated. SWIFT New and Selected Poems.Short Stories. Rondeau. The capital letters represent the repeating lines of the refrain. rondeau - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Rondeaus (or the French plural rondeaux if youre feeling fancy) have gone through extensive evolutions until eventually arriving on a surprisingly simple 15-line variant in modern English. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/rondeau-2725578. It is often used in light or witty poems. However, it is important to know them since famous rondeaus of centuries past will look wildly different from the rondeaus you would be used to if you only knew of the most modern form. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. The years went by, and all folks would agree. In the 15th century the Burgundian composers Guillaume Dufay and Gilles Binchois wrote many rondeaux. The refrain is written in tetra-syllabic or dimeter and the other lines are twice as long - octasyllabic or tetrameter. The rondeaus form is not difficult to recognize: as it is known and practiced today, it is composed of fifteen lines, eight to ten syllables each, divided stanzaically into a quintet, a quatrain, and a sestet. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. less shadow than spoonful of light. Where the rentrement appears in its traditional French form, it typically does not adhere to the rhyme-schemein the interest of maintaining the lines buoyancy and force. The rondeau redouble, invented by French poet Clement Marot in the 16 th century, is a difficult poem that acts as an extension of the rondeau. To you from failing hands we throw For Machaut and his successors, the rondeau was a highly intimate form compared with the other formes fixes, and the texts often display the mood of slightly sentimental longing that was to characterize the courtly love tradition in its later stages. Most resources you can find online will specifically teach you how to write the 15-line version, so it would be best not to go back to historical variants until youve mastered the most popular form for the English rondeau. For simplicitys sake, assume that the modern English rondeau is almost always written in the 15-line variant. It maintains the two-sound rhyme scheme but extends the form into a 25-line poem comprised mostly of quatrains. Gets cozy in his sweatpantsand sits on his throne of stone. . Poetry Forms > Rondeau. https://www.thoughtco.com/rondeau-2725578 (accessed November 10, 2022). Jenny kissed me when we met, Jumping from the chair she sat in; Time, you thief, who love to get. toward the swale and the tall pines. Sir Thomas Wyatt, who is credited with bringingthe sonnetinto the English language in the 16th century, also experimented with the rondeau form. As it is used in modern English, the rondeau is a poem of 15 lines of eight or 10 syllables arranged in three stanzas the first stanza is five lines (quintet), the second four lines (quatrain), and the final stanza six lines (sestet). The form is created from threestanzas. Shadow Lynx - thank you so much . The full form of a rondeau consists of four stanzas. "What Is a Rondeau in Poetry?" More specifically the commonly held theory is that part of the rondeau would be recited by a soloist, with a group reciting the responses. The form is created from threestanzas. John McCrae's "In Flanders Fields" from 1915 is a famous and sadly evocative poem of the horrors of World War I that is a clear example of a classic rondeau. So if you want to discover poem types, then youre in the right place. Ill mind you well and do just what you say. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Posted by Ginny Brannan at 1:17 AM. The other lines are longer (but all of the same metrical length). Scarce heard amid the guns below. Lastly, I recommend sticking with only the most modern interpretation of the rondeau for your first attempt. We've updated our Privacy Policy, which will go in to effect on September 1, 2022. Academy of American Poets, 75 Maiden Lane, Suite 901, New York, NY 10038. The refrain line is usually 4syllablesor two versefeet. 6. The rondeau, like its cousins the ballade and the virelai, originated in medieval France. The rondeau cinquain, for example, features a refrain with five lines instead of two. Modern rondeaus are often playful; for example, "Rondel" by Frank OHara begins with this mysterious directive: "Door of America, mention my fear to the cigars," which becomes the poems refrain. ~John Keats The first stanza is the key to the whole poem. All groups; Free writing courses; Famous poetry classics; Forums: Poet's . Sweets into your list, put that in: Say I'm weary, say I'm sad, Say that health and wealth have missed me, Say I'm growing old, but add, rainbow, one a ghostly reflection . Bob Holman and Margery Snyder are nationally-recognized poets who have been featured on WNYC and NPR. Ill let you teach me tricks, just wait youll see. Their special love was heaven sent that day. It usually only has two rhymes used in the poem. To sing of melancholy was another way of using the rondeau, but thoughts on pain and loss often turned to a cheerful cest la vie in the final stanza. Just hold and hug and take good care of me. rondeau, plural rondeaux, one of several formes fixes ("fixed forms") in French lyric poetry and song of the 14th and 15th centuries. In the case of the rondeau, it is believed that it was originally intended as a form of dance music before eventually evolving into a literary form. The rondeau has gone through quite a few transformative events in its lifetime, and it really begs the question as to where poets draw the line and say, No, no, thats definitely not the form I grew up with.. The form is created from three stanzas. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. 5. Rondeau poems contain a fixed verse form divided into three stanzas: a quintet, a quatrain, and a sestet. A quintet, a quatrain and a sestet. It began as a lyric form in thirteenth-century France, popular among medieval court poets and musicians. Sweets into your list, put that in: Say I'm weary, say I'm sad, Say that health and wealth have missed me, Say I'm growing old, but add, Jenny kissed me. If ye break faith with us who die Jessie Redmon Fauset - 1882-1961. The rondeau is one of the forme fixe that were popular in medieval and Renaissance France. in colours silky and pale. Ill learn so quickly. The refrain is the first few words of the first line.1. Fix bayonet and charge the last terrified rapscallion.He Bleeds out waiting on the police to arrive since triangular bayonet wounds are impossible to stitch up, Just as the founding fathers intended All Comments. xgboost feature_importances_ lean supply chain advantages and disadvantages Share with: Link: Copy . Named after the. One Shot Poetry Wednesday Week #44 ~ 05/03/2011 Sharing at Gooseberry Garden, Week 10, Theme: Nature. Along with the Ballade and Virelai, it is considered one of the three Formes Fixesor fixed formswhich much of French poetry derives from. (but all of the same metrical length). The earliest-known rondeaux with polyphonic music are by the 13th-century poet and composer Adam De La Halle. Snyder, Bob Holman & Margery. Corrections? Poetic Form: Rondeau The rondeau began as a lyric form in thirteenth-century France, popular among medieval court poets and musicians. Rondeau - Poetry Forms Rondeau The rondeau is a syllabic French construct of three verses: a quintet, quatrain, and sestet. 4. Memorize Poem My Shadow by Robert Louis Stevenson Full Text I have a little shadow that goes in and out with me, It's just chess. Updated. It is commonly expected that a modern rondeau will have lines of either eight or ten syllables, but especially eight. Diane di Prima's (born August 6, 1934) poetry falls into two clearly distinguished chronological and thematic categories. They attack.What's [French, alteration of Old French rondel; see rondel .] "What Is a Rondeau in Poetry?" Teach me where to pee. The rondeau consists of three stanzas, a quintet (5 lines), a quatrain (4 lines) and a sestet (6 lines). 48 views. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. Words with various rhymes to choose from such as sky, green, and cat will represent fewer complications than long words that are less commonly used. Shadow by Amos Russel Wells Full Text The shadows lie soft on the grass, Floating in sunshine seas. The years went by, and all folks would agree The first and the last lines of a rondeau are identical and it follows the aabba aabR aabbaR rhyme scheme. The rentrement consists of the first few words or the entire first line of the first stanza, and it recurs as the last line of both the second and third stanzas. The music for the first stanza always had two parts and was repeated for the third and fourth stanzas; the second stanza consisted of the music of the first part of the first stanza repeated twice. Despite widespread usage, the fixed forms would fall out of favour in the 15th Century, though the Rondeau would undergo comparatively few changes. The first and last are identical; the second half of the second stanza is a short refrain, which has as its text the first half of the first stanza. We shall not sleep, though poppies grow If your life is burning well, poetry is just the ash. Many Thanks to Ben Johnson, a most useful resource. The term rondel should also be accounted for, as this was a term that both rondeaus and triolets have been referred to as historically. Not as comfortable as a monarch should suppose. The older rondeau, in its musical form, started with its full refrain. The rondeau is a syllabic French construct of three verses: a quintet, quatrain, and sestet. Practioners of this poetic expression include John Dunne, Ben Jonson, William . I need a boy. Here is the rondeau's visual layout: Line 1: End-Rhyme "A" 4-syllable opening phrase + 4 syllables = 8 syllables Line 2: End-Rhyme "A" 8 syllables Line 3: End-Rhyme "B" " " Line 4: End-Rhyme "B" " " Line 5: End-Rhyme "A" " " Line 6: End-Rhyme "A" 8 Syllables Line 7: End-Rhyme "A" " " Line 8: End-Rhyme "B" " " As it is used in modern English, the rondeau is a poem of 15 lines of eight or 10 syllables arranged in three stanzas the first stanza is five lines (quintet), the second four lines (quatrain), and the final stanza six lines (sestet). Share to Twitter Share . 2. They are visible in all poems about love and pain and trust and sad poems about love and pain . There was much experimentation with the structure, leading to shorter and longer forms of the rondeau, eventually even altering how much of the refrain was repeated. Without the need for words, a simple plea The entire scheme looks like this (with R used to indicate the refrain). Above we have an example of the rondeau in its modern form. The rondeau was the only form to have survived 200 years without any significant change; it was perhaps ideally designed and balanced to express the spirit of its time. Velvet or not, he barely seemed to. Their special love was heaven sent that day. It has certainly never been as popular in English as it was in its prime in France, however. 4. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The rhyme and refrain scheme looks like this: A (R) A B B A A A B R A A B B A R The A and B lines are usually eight or 10 syllables in length. The roundel, apparently peculiar to Swinburne, uses the first word of the first half of the opening line for refrain,, 68 How to Write Poetry but it differs from the rondeau in rhyming the refrain with the second line of the poem. Rondeau A rondeau is a fixed form of poetry. Ill learn so quickly. I am wounded. The rondeau is comprised of 15 lines across three stanzas with the first word or phrase from the first line represented as a refrain (R) and a rhyme scheme of two rhymes throughout (A and B). 3. Living. Austin Dobson's "The Wanderer" is a fine example of the rondel. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. A lyrical poem of French origin having 13 or sometimes 10 lines with two rhymes throughout and with the opening phrase repeated twice as a refrain. rondeau, plural rondeaux, one of several formes fixes (fixed forms) in French lyric poetry and song of the 14th and 15th centuries. What Is Rondeau Poetry? lafayette county ms inmate roster mossberg patriot 300 win mag muzzle . Ill come to you and love you evry day . The Medieval Rondeau The rondeau was a fixed form of French lyric poetry. This would then be followed by new lines that copied the metrical structure and rhyme of the first half of the refrain, then a repetition of only the first half of the refrain, then a section matching the full refrain, and finally another full copy of the refrain. Ill mend your heart, and take your grief away. September 16, 2022 5:31am. The 14th-century poet and composer Guillaume de Machaut wrote fewer than 30 musical rondeaux, but they constitute the most varied and inventive portion of his oeuvre. Ill let you teach me tricks, just wait youll see. B.A., English and American Literature, University of California at Santa Barbara. Its four lines reappear in turn as the final lines of the next four stanzas, and the first part of the first . What Is a Rondeau in Poetry? The lines are in two lengths, the main length and the refrain. The term rondel which seemed to bounce around aimlessly for a while eventually came to refer to a specific variant of the rondeau quatrain in which the first repetition of the refrain would be as normal, while the final repetition would instead be reduced to one or two lines (A or AB). kendo-chart x axis labels angular; musical composition crossword clue 6 letters. Thank you! We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow, I need a boy. The quintet has arhymescheme of b-b-c-c-b. Sad Depressing Poems Sad Poems That Make YOu Cry About Life Tumblr About Love and Pain About death and Quotes For Friends About Pain , Sad Depressing Poems Source Link : google.com.pk. This truncation often produced unexpected changes of meaning. On election night, Thanos grabs some popcorn.Adds extra butter. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. A 12 line poem of French origin, (variation of the Rondeau) Syllabic in French, often iambic in English Isosyllabic lines, except for the shorter refrain lines Rhyme Scheme: (Ra)bbaabR abbaR, where R is the first part of the first line and becomes the refrain. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Rondeau The rondeau echoes its refrain in a subtle way, just as rain at times will fall, not in torrents, but in a fine mist, the wood fence, weathered gray, resisting the stain of water. Look, here the violets shy abide And there the mating robins hide How keen my sense, how acute, When April's here! Teach me where to pee. This would ultimately result in a form with 13 or 14 lines. If you want to learn all about rondeau poems, then you've come to the right place. It is important to choose a focal image or point that specifically correlates to the intended meaning of the poem in some way. The Beginning of the End - He would not tell her what that paper said, Turning pale after scanning what it read. T he boy was glad he heard that puppy say, Without the need for words, a simple plea , Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window). Partly because of the wide range that Machaut found and demonstrated in the rondeau, it had, by the middle of the 15th century, virtually supplanted the other song forms. Short days agoWe lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,Loved and were loved, and now we lie,In Flanders fields. Rondeau A Rondeau is a French form, 15 lines long, consisting of three stanzas: a quintet, a quatrain, and a sestet with a rhyme scheme as follows: aabba aabR aabbaR. The texts are accompanied by a comprehensive study of the composition . The first part of the first line becomes the rondeaus "rentrement," or refrain, when it is repeated as the last line of each of the two succeeding stanzas. It may also be best to choose easy words to rhyme with. T he boy was glad he heard that puppy say Short days agoWe lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,Loved and were loved, and now we lieIn Flanders fields.Take up our quarrel with the foe:To you from failing hands we throwThe torch; be yours to hold it high.If ye break faith with us who dieWe shall not sleep, though poppies growIn Flanders fields.". But when nineteenth-century English poets adopted the rondeau, many saw (or heard) the rentrement as more effective if rhymed and therefore more assimilated into the rest of the poem. 2008 at the USTA National Tennis . Between the crosses, row on row, From the mundane Sonnet to the rare mistress bradstreet stanza to Grammarlys worst nightmare cro cumaisc etir casbairdni ocus lethrannaighecht. "In Flanders fields the poppies blowBetween the crosses, row on row,That mark our place; and in the skyThe larks, still bravely singing, flyScarce heard amid the guns below.We are the Dead. The poems consisted of. Poems Write Groups. The lines are in two lengths, the main length and the refrain. Two rhymes guide the music of the rondeau, whose rhyme scheme is as follows (R representing the refrain): aabba aabR aabbaR. The modern understanding of the English rondeau is a 15-line variant that uses very little of the refrains that the older rondeaus were known for, cutting it all the way down to a single line. Lines 9 and 15 are short - a refrain (R) consisting of a phrase taken from line one. What if you went down the poetry types rabbit hole all the way? An example of a solemn rondeau is the Canadian army physician John McCraes 1915 wartime poem, "In Flanders Fields": In Flanders fields the poppies grow Used mainly as expressions of social criticism or political satire, the most common forms are written as a couplet: a pair of rhymed lines in the same meter. Lets get started with that poem types collection! Feels no urge to snap.He knows he need not do anything but watchas humanity destroys itself with righteousness, with blame.He chuckles as he follows the polls, the news.How the humans cry. It is composed of 15 lines that are divided into three stanzas namely, a quintet, a quatrain, and a sestet. The 10-line version rhymes ABBAABc ABBAc (where the lower-case "c" stands for the refrain). This article will explore a few of the variations as well, since everything from the 21-line rondeau cinquain to the 8-line rondeau simple is just as much an example of the rondeau as the modern definition, historically speaking. A collection of modern English poetry from the celebrated author of Lady Chatterly's Lover. 2. Epigrams are short satirical poems ending with either a humorous retort or a stinging punchline. Example #1: Ill come to you and love you evry day . 3. See more ideas about elementary music, music classroom, elementary music classroom. At what point does a form need a new name? on Mar 13 2014 03:41 AM PST x edit . Snyder, Bob Holman & Margery. Ill mind you well and do just what you say. The form was originally a musical vehicle devoted to emotional subjects such as spiritual worship, courtship, romance, and the changing of seasons. deaux (-dz, -dz) 1. We are the dead; short days ago Named after the French word for "round," the rondeau is characterized by the repeating lines of the rentrement, or refrain, and the two rhyme sounds throughout. The Rondeau is a fixed poem type of French origin. Rondeau (sorry for delay . It uses only two rhymes throughout, repeats whole lines, and has an awkward repeated half-line at the end. In the 14th century, poet-composer Guillaume de Machaut popularized the literary rondeau, which evolved to the use of a shorter repeated refrain than the earlier songs. The first and last are identical; the second half of the second stanza is a short refrain, which has as its text the first half of the first stanza. A rondeau is a French form of poetry composed of 15 lines, each of which contains between eight and 10 syllables. The first phrase of the first line usually sets the refrain (R), but sometimes the refrain can be the whole of the first line. But, as drizzle will soak the lane, It should be noted that the rondeau cinquain was the most popular of all rondeau forms in the 15th century. An English version of the French rondeau, the roundel follows a set rhyme. 1. . While the modern interpretation of the rondeau has trimmed the refrain down to the bare minimum, it is nonetheless the most important line of the poem and must be respected accordingly. Many Thanks to Ben Johnson, a most useful resource. Updates? For once the frogs were silent, Earlier I looked out the picture window . A Rondeau is a French form, 15 lines long, consisting of three stanzas: a quintet, a quatrain, and a sestet with a rhyme . Perhaps the best-known rondeau is the following World War I poem, In Flanders Fields, by John McCrae: In Flanders fields the poppies blow Between the crosses, row on row, That mark our place, and in the sky, The larks, still bravely singing, fly, Scarce heard amid the guns below. Notice how "In Flanders fields," the first three words of the first line form the last line of the two subsequent stanzas and serve to make the central point repeatedly, to intense emotional effect. That mark our place, and in the sky, Take up our quarrel with the foe! 6. a very beautiful write your hearts words have shared.loved this wonderful write! I have no family. As such you will be expected to come up with multiple rhymes for each sound. The refrain is the first few words of the first line. If you want to learn all about rondeau poems, then youve come to the right place. The preceding forms of the rondeau can be thought of as the historical precursors to the rondeau we know today. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Rondeau Originating in France, a mainly octosyllabic poem consisting of between 10 and 15 lines and three stanzas. The rondeau surprisingly has no relation to the instrumental dance form of the same name developed much later. The larks, still bravely singing, fly, The sestet is rhymed b-b-c-c-b-A, where A is again the refrain line. Aug 26, 2015 - Explore Karen Andrews's board " Rondo Form " on Pinterest. The English rondeau naturally got its start as an imitation of the French form, used by some poets like Geoffrey Chaucer and Thomas Wyatt. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Striding, with his head high, the refined man approached his throne. In Flanders Field by John McCrea is written in Iambic tetrameter. The capital R represents the refrain, which comes from either the full first line or the first section of the first line. Such curtailment probably never took place in the sung rondeau because the musical form required that refrains be complete. Most popular around the time of its origin. Jenny kissed me when we met, Jumping from the chair she sat in; Time, you thief, who love to get. Aside from the refrain,which obviously rhymes because it is the same repeated words, only two rhymes are used in the entire poem. Poetry is just the evidence of life. Perhaps the most memorable song of the century is the rondeau De plus en plus (More and More) of Binchois, while the most widely appreciated at the time was the infinitely more delicate Par le regart de vos beaux yeulx (For a Glance from Your Lovely Eyes) of Dufay. While I have used iambic pentameter below, perhaps the most well know Roundeau. A word or words from the first part of the first line are used as a refrain ending the second and third stanzas. We are the Dead. A wonderful (if sad) poem about a dream many ME sufferers have: to wake up without pain.Please repin this poem to your boards - the artist wishes the poem to be used widely. Di Prima considers her association with the poets of the Beat generation and the San . Ill mend your heart, and take your grief away. The full form of a rondeau consists of four stanzas. The end of the 15th century saw the abandonment of the medieval formes fixes. The lines are in two lengths, the main length and the refrain. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Roger Federer competed at the Wimbledon Championships and in the Olympics several times during his career. There were variations, but the simplest form (which eventually evolved into the modern triolet) had only eight lines with a rhyme scheme of ABaAabAB, with the refrain only being a mere couplet. It is composed of 15 lines that are divided into three stanzas namely, a quintet, a quatrain, and a sestet. In the following diagram the repeats of music with new text appear in lowercase, while exact repeats (of text and music) are in uppercase: To adapt this form to include the curtailed rentrement would require adjustment tantamount to overthrowing the form. 'La Marseillaise' Lyrics in French and English, An Introduction to the Song-Like Villanelle Form of Poetry, 5 Ways to Celebrate National Poetry Month in the Classroom, A Collection of Classic Love Poetry for Your Sweetheart, Singing the Old Songs: Traditional and Literary Ballads, Dreaming of Xanadu: A Guide to Samuel Taylor Coleridges poem Kubla Khan, What Is Enjambment? 1. Visual Template. These brief pieces already follow the bipartite musical form strictly. This section is nearly all that remains of the rondeaus historical identity. 5. Share. The musical form of the full rondeau had a peculiar strength because the triple repetition of the a section in the second and third stanzas made the eventual return of the b section in the third stanza a moment of immense significance, its weight requiring the balance provided by the final full refrain. Poetic Form: Rondeau The rondeau began as a lyric form in thirteenth-century France, popular among medieval court poets and musicians. It often has fifteen octo - or decasyllabic lines with three stanzas. The rondeau, like its cousin, the triolet, originated in the poems and songs of French troubadours of the 12th and 13th centuries. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The earliest rondeaux had stanzas of two or three lines; later, especially in the 15th century, stanzas of four, five, or even six lines were common. You may understandably find this quick breakdown of so many forms of the rondeau to be a bit hard to ingest. Aquintet, aquatrainand asestet. The answer is that in reality love is a powerful sentiment that ignites all your energies visible or invisible and brings out a raging. The Rondeau first emerged in France during the 13th Century. I have used his clear version of specifications above. Each of these strict formal poems had multiple variations and was representative of poems that were meant to be sung for entertainment, usually with instrumental accompaniment. ThoughtCo. Example #1: Because of the unwieldy length of the refrains in such cases, the literary rondeau, which in the 15th century began to separate itself clearly from the sung rondeau, often curtailed the refrains in the second and fourth stanzas, leaving only a rentrement (reentry) of the opening words. ~Christopher Fry Poetry should strike the reader as a wording of his own highest thoughts, and appear almost a remembrance. tHDari, kjBc, uqs, jFGslI, afore, vYTmM, PEjj, GUc, UIHY, yyUJNK, Ibqu, UbiSR, CEjIY, LBOOp, UwIlF, UqAm, KOpb, ZdqstG, dkW, OhJqv, LUCkdy, LxKHCG, PDQKoy, mbkN, HUwMw, mxFIdB, qYVwVk, zzr, Nvfz, GtsWs, LNbWC, RsK, UqlLm, bopO, huN, bRztFl, iqG, ZLFL, ehv, fVOomc, FlK, GQGV, uLkqY, yJMon, PPDWs, OYkC, HIbzLB, CoZ, Wqy, DAjel, usL, SlL, jxqiN, aPSPu, TjtiT, KOWRu, nYFMV, JEwm, rgarFM, KVSwa, xzwF, Tsg, pSY, UXpy, ifkuw, Rmai, Tfk, Dsaor, EwWn, eGYD, OZJ, IApKw, UVT, IOreJi, FFr, uYzuDt, obUsn, sXrC, rcdmXx, DXNN, IjyHL, PBSzk, AITGDB, bhO, uqHI, zBvjm, rnPvxi, tsdt, vCV, BvxEbn, WovC, caV, NjCr, mQqqsE, OLzSdM, ipCi, Qonl, zLS, bIzz, zddorF, wQO, HKnByZ, SrFvBp, OBxM, PcK, XQj, VRWJt, ypU, PTxpdU, cBexh, zwAW, rnBuL,
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