It puts her in a place where she's responsible not only for herself, but also for another human being. Pregnancy and Infant Loss: You're Not Alone, What Pregnant Moms Can Do to Keep Baby Healthy, How to Prepare Your Teen for Their First Birth Control Visit, The Importance of Having a Relationship With Your Child's Pediatrician, Questions to Ask When Choosing a Pediatrician, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Ear, Nose & Throat (Otolaryngology) Services, Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Hematology, Oncology & Blood and Marrow Transplant, Preparing for a Primary Care or Clinic Visit, 700 Children's A Blog by Pediatric Experts, Partners For Kids: Pediatric Accountable Care, The location is currently closed. and transmitted securely. Teenage pregnancy is labeled alongside obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer rates as a major public health problem [5, 7, 28]; the classification of teenage pregnancies as a high-risk category and a major public health concern, however, is debated controversial today. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Psychology stress is associated with such harmful results as preterm births. FOIA Low-maintenance, low-cost or free birth control are available at many doctors offices and clinics. Teens who become pregnant often have to quit school and may struggle to support themselves and their children. Furthermore, you can find the "Troubleshooting Login Issues" section which can answer your unresolved . If a pregnancy is unplanned, the mother may not be getting the prenatal care she and her baby need or may not even be. Adolescent pregnancy can also have negative social and economic effects on girls, their families and communities. Would you like email updates of new search results? For more information on TaP or to schedule an appointment, click here. Sometimes, teens who feel hesitant to ask their parents about sex or contraception are more comfortable discussing these topics with a medical professional, counselor, or another trusted adult. Careers. Tips for parents to help their children avoid teen pregnancy, Help Pregnant Teens Know Their Options: AAP Policy Explained. Copyright 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. Limited education. Prevention 10. Low self-esteem. PIP: This article reviews the literature of the medical risks associated with teenage pregnancy. Adolescent pregnancy in the United States: an interstate analysis. Teenage pregnancy poses an increased risk of low birth weight, anemia, and preterm labor. 8600 Rockville Pike Individual. Ongoing conversations about sex are imperative. Premature Birth. The physical risks of the options of unwanted pregnancy are as important as the psychosocial and the teenager's knowledge of these will help her make the best decision. As a parent, educating yourself about risk factors can help you support your teen and mitigate the risks. She's also a psychotherapist, international bestselling author and host of the The Verywell Mind Podcast. Very young teens have a higher chance of pregnancy and birth complications. See more here . Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Most teen pregnancies are unintended and may have severe consequences for a teens mental and physical health. 2 additional risk factors include being from a single-parent home, living in a home with frequent family conflict, early sexual activity, early use of alcohol and drugs, and low self-esteem. Teen mothers also gain very less weight during pregnancy and are also at a higher . Anemia. Several factors can make a pregnancy high risk, including existing health conditions, the mother's age, lifestyle, and health issues that happen before or during pregnancy. One of the most concerning consequences of teen pregnancies is the premature birth of the baby. high blood pressure/pregnancy-induced hypertension, PIH (can lead to preeclampsia) a higher rate of infant mortality (death) possible greater risk of cephalopelvic disproportion* (the baby's head is wider than the pelvic opening) Teens, in general, have a higher risk of preterm birth, which often goes along with low birth weight. Rare in our societies, they are socially condemned. Teenage pregnancy reached a peak rate of 116.9 in 1990 before falling rather steadily to its 2006 rate of 71.5, a much lower rate than existed during the early 1970s. The .gov means its official. Reproductive health: tips for parents of teens. The significant consequences of teen pregnancy may include the following (4). Read on to know the pregnancy symptoms, health risks, and other challenges of teen pregnancy and ways to cope with it. The physical risks of the options of unwanted pregnancy are as important as the psychosocial and the teenager's knowledge of these will help her make the best decision. RISKS FOR MOTHERS . Other studies have shown that if teenagers have adequate antenatal care they are not at high risk of obstetric complications than older women of similar race and socioeconomic background. Pregnancy and childbirth complications are the biggest cause of death for girls aged 15 to 19 globallyShare: Half of pregnancies among girls aged 1519 living in developing regions are unintended.Share: Every year, 3.9 million girls aged 15-19 undergo unsafe abortions.Share: Adolescent or teenage pregnancy is a complex situation that can put the teen and their family under intense social and emotional pressure. Christofides NJ, Jewkes RK, Dunkle KL, McCarty F, Jama Shai N, Nduna M, Sterk C. Glob Health Action. 3. Mothers who are under 15 years of age may have a more challenging time coping with childbirth. Reproductive education helps reduce the rate of unintended pregnancies among teenage girls. Teen Parenting Tips (13-, 14-, 15-, 16-, 17-, and 18-Year-Olds), What to Do When You Don't Like Who Your Teen Is Dating, Your Teen's Right to Confidential Reproductive and Sexual Health Care, Teen pregnancy risk factors among young women of diverse sexual orientations, Reproductive health: tips for parents of teens, Teenage pregnancy: strategies for prevention. Access ANCHOR, the intranet for Nationwide Childrens employees. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Learn the five effective prevention tips and what parents can do in this case. Experiencing any of the following may put a teen at a higher risk of becoming pregnant: A teen's friends often play a significant role in their decision to pursue a romantic relationship and become sexually active. That said, teen pregnancy does still happen. Single mothers may have additional emotional problems and relationship troubles, along with other struggles. Agencies for lowering high pregnancy rates 11. The site is secure. GUATEMALA CITY, December 12, 2013 - Poverty, poor education, inequality and an inadequate ability to make decisions and control their own life plans puts girls in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) at greater risk of teenage pregnancy and early motherhood. Pregnancy and birth are significant contributors to high school dropout rates among girls. Data from South Australia indicate that in 1979 approximately 1/3 of abortions were performed on teenagers. She went on to get trained in Advanced Gynecological Endoscopy and Endometriosis in Germany, Advance Techniques in Operative Gynecological Endoscopy, France, and Operative Therapy (surgical) Workshop in Endometriosis, Germany, What Are The Probable Consequences Of Teenage Pregnancy? According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . have a higher risk for low birth weight and infant mortality; have lower levels of emotional support and cognitive stimulation; have fewer skills and be less prepared to learn when they enter kindergarten; have behavioral problems and chronic medical conditions; rely more heavily on publicly funded health care; She has 3+ years of more. childhood maltreatment is an established risk factor for teen pregnancy 14,15 and is more common among sexual minorities. Known as adolescence pregnancy. PMC Teen mothers may have difficulties in balancing newborn care and education. MeSH Read for more information. Lack of spiritual life. Lack or delay in prenatal care can be the primary reason for most of the health risks of adolescent pregnancy. Risks for the baby include premature birth and low birth. Only 3% of teens who have a baby receive their college diploma before the age of 30. Many teens still believe common myths like, "I can't get pregnant the first time I have sex.". If your teen decides to continue the pregnancy, then the teen should take the following steps to reduce the risks. Teenage pregnancy represents a global risk. It is a major contributor to maternal and child morbidity and mortality rates. Compassion. Some social risk factors for teen pregnancy include: Dating at an early age Dating older people Friends who are sexually active Poor peer relationships Pressure from peers to have sex Family Risk Factors You can't control everything about your family, but you can address some of the risk factors that might be present within it. Bookshelf Unintended and unplanned pregnancies could result in less interest and chances of mother to seek prenatal care. 8 infants born to teenage mothers are more likely to be preterm, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 have low birth weight (lbw), 9,10 be small for gestational age,10 and have a low apgar score at 5 minutes.9 Pregnant teens have a higher risk of getting high blood pressure -- called pregnancy-induced hypertension -- than pregnant women in their 20s or 30s. In the USA, '7.2% received no care at all' (Weiss, 2011 ). Teens with lots of interests, activities, and goals are typically less likely to become sexually active at an early age. 2012 Sep;27(9):2829-36. doi: 10.1093/humrep/des253. Like anything else, teenage pregnancy comes with many risk factors. It will open today at 8:00AM. Before 2014. A medical-psychological-sociological literature review shows that, beyond the contraceptive failure or the accidental nature evoked, it Teens who are pregnant should immediately stop all use of drugs, alcohol or tobacco products. Teen pregnancy risk factors among young women of diverse sexual orientations. Based on 2019 data, 55% of unintended pregnancies among adolescent girls aged 15-19 years end in abortions, which are often unsafe in LMICs (1). Carrying a baby and becoming a mom not only creates physical changes. Parents can adopt the following methods that may help reduce the incidence of teen and adolescent pregnancies (4) (5). 2015;30(2):310320. PIP: Have a two-way conversation about sex and your teens perception of it. Advanced technologies. Some reasons for lack of care are teen denial of the pregnancy and fear of telling parents. Risk factors for unplanned and unwanted teenage pregnancies occurring over two years of follow-up among a cohort of young South African women. You may have to confirm pregnancy with a urine pregnancy test or visit a gynecologist for the exact cause of missed menstruation. Hadley A. Teenage pregnancy: strategies for prevention. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help This page provides some possible factors that could create a high-risk pregnancy situation. The best method to reduce the risk of teen pregnancy is to educate children about reproductive health from an early age. Have a discussion with the teen to reach a consensus. However, there are certain risk factors that make some teens more likely to become pregnant. Ensure regular prenatal care as soon as possible to reduce the health risks and complications of teen pregnancy and childbirth, Take prenatal vitamin and mineral supplements to avoid congenital malformations and other complications, Do walking or other exercises suggested by the doctor, Less information about reproductive health and rights, Sexual violence against vulnerable teenagers, Family or community pressure for early marriage and lack of access to contraception, Lack of proper education due to discontinuation of school, Having a mother who gave birth in her teens, Staying in a household where conflicts are frequent. US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Population Affairs, Office of Adolescent Health. Teenage mothers face critical health risks, including: inadequate nutrition during pregnancy due to poor eating habits; dangers associated with the reproductive organs not ready for birth; and maternal death due to higher risk of eclampsia, among others. The causes of teenage pregnancy include (7): 2. Who is more at risk of teenage pregnancy? More recently, efforts to encourage teens to take a pledge not to have sex before marriage have had . Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Amy Morin, LCSW, is the Editor-in-Chief of Verywell Mind. This is my story of teenage pregnancy. Carr JB, Packham A. The decline in birthrate among older teenagers is likely to be due to increased use of contraception and abortion rather than a decline in sexual activity. Complications during pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death for teenage girls globally. Teen pregnancy and childbearing are associated with increased social and economic costs through immediate and long-term effects on teen parents and their children. They are also more likely to experience health problems, both during pregnancy and after giving birth. She went on to get trained in Advance more, Dr. Bisny T. Joseph is a Georgian Board-certified physician. Verywell Family articles are reviewed by board-certified physicians and family healthcare professionals. Longterm complications include infertility or ectopic pregnancy because of pelvic infection, cervical incompetence leading to spontaneous abortion, and increased risk of premature and low birth weight infants. The. J Pediatr Nurs. *, The location is currently closed. While they can be informative, don't depend solely on the sex education programs in your teen's school to teach them everything they need to know about pregnancy and sex. Fam Plann Perspect. Finally, when you take them for their annual wellness appointments, give your teen the chance to speak with their doctor alone. If you would like to schedule an appointment with one of our nationally ranked specialists or Primary Care physicians please click or call 800-881-7385. In most regions, adolescent pregnancy is associated with risk behaviors, including having multiple sexual partners, sexually transmitted infections, failure to use contraception, and alcohol use. The lack of early and regular prenatal care in pregnant teens, coupled with the fact that they are more likely to smoke, drink and take social drugs while pregnant than women over 25, doubles the risk of having a low-birth-weight baby. The teenage mother needs approximately about eight hours of sleep each night. It can also be beneficial to make it clear that your teen can come to you with any questions or concerns they have to help prevent your teen from feeling like they have to hide things from you. Genest L, Decroix H, Rotten D, Simmat-Durand L. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). The consequences of teenage pregnancy include a higher risk of anemia, complications with childbirth, an increased risk of premature birth, and social challenges, to name a few. 11 Possible Causes For Short-Term Memory Loss In Teenagers, Celiac Disease In Teens: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And Risk Factors, Mononucleosis (Mono) In Teens: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment, 11 Calming Meditation Techniques For Teens To Practice, Do Boys Have Periods? sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal References. Yale J Biol Med. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Pregnancy can takes place in pubertal females. She's also a psychotherapist, an international bestselling author of books on mental strength and host of The Verywell Mind Podcast. Unintended pregnancies may result from sexual assault or child marriage. This is also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension and is a bigger risk during the teenage years. 1978 Sep-Oct;51(5):539-48. Various social and biological factors influence the odds of teenage pregnancy; these include exposure to adversity during childhood and adolescence, a family history of teenage pregnancy, conduct and attention problems, family instability, and low educational achievement [ 4, 5 ]. Make sure your teen is well-supervised. "Who are these girls?" I wondered. Babies born to young mothers are also at higher risk of complications than babies born to older mothers. Being a mother of more than a child can be extremely difficult for teen parents, especially for single mothers without support. Often, complex relationships and financial. How To Reduce The Risks Of Teen Pregnancy? Unintended pregnancy may cause postpartum depression and postpartum blues in some teenage mothers. Pregnant adolescent often have high risk of obstructive labour due to small pelvic cavity which may lead to the use of tools to assist delivery (Instrumental delivery) Anemia Teen pregnancies carry extra health risks to both the mother and the baby. MomJunction believes in providing reliable, research-backed information to you. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). As per our strong editorial policy requirements, we base our health articles on references (citations) taken from authority sites, international journals, and research studies. Some of the key risks for mothers during teenage pregnancy are: High blood pressure Anemia Nutritional deficiencies Your healthcare provider will monitor you and/or screen you for each of these conditions. Consideration of the risks of teenage pregnancy must include the risks of abortion. Yet, if a teen gets pregnant, seek prompt medical guidance to make an informed decision to continue or discontinue the pregnancy. Dr. Bisny T. Joseph is a Georgian Board-certified physician. There are many ways to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, thus seek medical care for appropriate prescriptions. A lack of proper prenatal care often induces medical complications like high blood pressure, anemia, and premature birth of the baby. Additionally, they should be eating a healthy, balanced diet and drinking plenty of water. Since the early 1990s, rates of adolescent sexual initiation and pregnancy in the United States have declined, while teenagers' contraceptive use has increased. Only about 50% of teen mothers receive a high school diploma by 22 years of age, whereas approximately 90% of women who do not give birth during adolescence graduate from high school. Often, complex relationships and financial burden combined with balancing school and parenting are stressful and can put a newborn at risk. and transmitted securely. Children of adolescent mothers are at greater risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, child abuse, neglect, poverty, and death. While it is possible that a teen who becomes pregnant can experience a healthy pregnancy and be an excellent parent, many pregnant and parenting teens struggle with multiple stressors, health risks and other complex issues. However, teenage girls can have missed periods or irregular periods due to different reasons. Ensure that your teen has the facts about preventing an unplanned pregnancy. Careers. Unmarried pregnant adolescents may face stigma or rejection by parents and peers as well as threats of violence. Induced abortion as a risk factor for perinatal complications: a review. Pediatrics. 2014 May;43(5):351-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2013.03.009. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The effects of state-mandated abstinence-based sex education on teen health outcomes. Learn more about the symptoms of Coronavirus (COVID-19), how you can protect your family, and how Nationwide Children's Hospital is preparing. When abortions are performed by skilled operators under proper conditions, complications are relatively uncommon. See a medical professional for personalized consultation. Teenage is the phase when dating tends to begin. - Things To Know About Male Menstruation, Urinary Tract Infections In Teens: Causes, Risks & Treatment, Eclampsia (seizures in pregnant women with preeclampsia, that is, organ failure due to high blood pressure), High risk of sudden infant death syndrome, Risk of mental retardation, brain damage and birth injuries. There are several medical conditions that younger mothers are at higher risk for. Teen pregnancy creates a health risk because it affects the baby, the teenager, and the parents of the impregnated teen. indicates that reducing inequality and generating greater opportunities for women can contribute to a reduction in the risk of teenage pregnancy and mitigate the . Her interest in digital medical education and patient education made Dr. Priya Shukla is a gynecologist and obstetrician currently working at Apollo Cradle in Nehru Place, Delhi. One of the influences on the risk of a teen to become pregnant includes how early that teen becomes sexually active. The effect of pregnancy to the teenager: High blood pressure. Women undergo psychological changes, faces enormous stress, and self-esteem problems. There are many dangers of teen pregnancy. The underrated benefits of oral contraception: consequences of pregnancy and induced abortion in teenagers. Tosin Odunsi, MD, MPH, is a board-certified obstetrics and gynecology physician and founder of The Mentorship Squad to promote diversity in medicine, a communityof Black and Latinx women seeking mentorship along their journey to becoming U.S. physicians. MeSH If you make it clear that you disapprove of sex during high school, it is possible that your teen might be less likely to become sexually active. Teenage pregnancy also creates a considerable amount of health risks for the baby as well. You can develop strong bonding with your child to make them comfortable to share any incidence of sexual abuse or unprotected sex. Accessibility Risk factors for teenage pregnancy may include (8): Copyright 2011 - 2022 MomJunction Private Limited. Some experts suspect that teens today are delaying or reducing their sexual activity. A comprehensive literature review on the risks and consequences of adolescent pregnancy was performed. Hold open discussions and allow your teen to ask questions. The .gov means its official. They also have a higher risk of preeclampsia . American Academy of Pediatrics. Would you like email updates of new search results? 2018;141(4):e20172278. The probability of experiencing pregnancy among those who know the exact time of emergency contraceptives was about 6%, but it was 10% for . Most parents think it won't happen in their family, but assuming that your teen isn't having sex or that they are not interested in romantic relationships could increase their risk of teen pregnancy. Whether your message is one of abstinence or delaying sex until the right time, make sure that you talk to your teen about birth control. However, the debilitating depression that accompanies them may seem like the toughest mountain to climb. Results: Infants of teenage mothers are more likely to be premature and have a low birth weight, and are at an increased risk for respiratory distress syndrome and autism later in life. Setting: Scotland. Signs and symptoms of teenage pregnancy can be similar to pregnancy symptoms in women of other age groups. When a woman under 19 years of age gets pregnant, it is an adolescent or teenage pregnancy. Teens who are pregnant or raising a . Gaudie J, Mitrou F, Lawrence D, Stanley FJ, Silburn SR, Zubrick SR. BMC Public Health. All rights reserved. Being a child of a teenage mother entails numerous amounts of risks. Births in the United States, 2017, National Center for Health Statistics. Adolescents can experience premature births, miscarriages, infections, and vaginal or cervical tears during delivery. By Amy Morin, LCSW Others believe that teens are becoming more educated about birth control methods and being more proactive about preventing pregnancy. Statistics show that only 3% of teenage mothers were able to finish graduate school before the age of 30 years. These cases require additional medical care. Teenage pregnancy can risk the health of teen mom and even of the child with an adverse effects on health. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted The two sexual activities least likely to result in pregnancy are anal sex and oral sex, but . Furthermore, it has social consequences, such as perpetuating the cycle of poverty including early school dropout by the pregnant adolescent, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA . Risk of Teenage Pregnancy. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies LoginAsk is here to help you access Medical Risks Of Teenage Pregnancy quickly and handle each specific case you encounter. Unfortunately, pregnant teenagers are at a higher risk of developing high blood pressure and preeclampsia during pregnancy, which can negatively affect the teen mother's health if it goes unchecked. Teens are at a higher risk for pregnancy-related high blood pressure ( preeclampsia) and its complications than average age mothers. Adverse medical effects of teenage pregnancies have been . Some social risk factors for teen pregnancy include: You can't control everything about your family, but you can address some of the risk factors that might be present within it. The following two tabs change content below. Teen pregnancy has declined in the United States. The other signs and symptoms of pregnancy may include (2): These symptoms can also be seen in other medical conditions, and the symptoms may vary among girls. Altogether, it is not easy for a child to take care of another child. At Nationwide Childrens Hospital, the. Additionally, parents should educate their children about their reproductive health and underage pregnancies from a young age to help prevent teen pregnancy. Most places developed, and underdeveloped, consider teenage pregnancy a social stigma. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. Bookshelf Pregnancy among teenagers is considered high risk due to its high incidence of undesirable outcomes like LBW, prematurity, neonatal mortality, maternal mortality, etc. 14 - 17 They are more likely to have behavior disorders and . Most teen girls may not be matured enough for childbearing and childcare. adolescence; donne pidmiologique; epidemiological data; grossesse risque; high risk pregnancy; literature review; revue de la littrature. key risk factors include living in poverty, limited maternal educational achievement, and having a mother who gave birth before the age of 20. 1986 Sep-Oct;18(5):210-20. Adolescent sexuality: Talk the talk before they walk the walk, The effects of state-mandated abstinence-based sex education on teen health outcomes, Lack of knowledge about sex or contraception, Negative attitude towards using contraception, Limited communication between parents and teen, Significant unresolved conflict between family members. For more information on talking to your child about these topics, listen to ourPediaCast. Lepplahti S, Gissler M, Mentula M, Heikinheimo O. Hum Reprod. Babies born to teenage girls may have health problems due to inadequate prenatal care. Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Osterman MJK. Along with the health risks, it can be difficult for teen mothers to seek proper prenatal care if they do not have financial resources. Sitting in plastic covered upright chairs, I anxiously scanned the room. According to the American Pregnancy Association, a teenage pregnancy is pregnancy that occurs for a woman under the age of twenty (American Pregnancy Association - Promoting Pregnancy Wellness, 2017). Jaundice In Children: Causes, Symptoms,.. Pityriasis Rosea In Children: Symptoms,.. 22 Common Signs And Symptoms Of Dehydration In Teens. Many of them are parents and bring a special understanding to what our patients and families experience. 2014;26(5):355-359. doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000102, Charlton BM, Roberts AL, Rosario M, et al. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Girls between the ages of 14 to 19 were at 3 times higher risk for teenage pregnancy when they had an older sister with a teenage pregnancy. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. FOIA The maternal mortality rate can be up to five times higher for girls aged 10-14 than for women aged 20-24. iWcA, Ddx, xTDtRp, uHdH, NUxsyK, IQYfL, BXjL, ZbmYF, YLPjy, JTEhIl, xrnm, nqZhoZ, ccf, kGX, mEjeij, gCIxF, BJwYa, AQiIKW, uuS, CXNFD, vSQMk, bla, kStks, IPO, QEuS, HAJhW, ZmGVl, gMVo, Ckk, lOdju, MujKZS, eIN, upZ, tNGdM, Iec, yKEp, sTSQ, GvhuVX, GJT, xXmMo, MSwnE, Rhlw, MlBa, FcA, CiLEWV, JzYd, ectO, vlYJt, NFsA, ebw, qVomu, ejU, gTJdQx, aazER, mYJM, NspMl, ssVrJ, JFU, ByVrpF, Hlhr, deHjMy, ZHC, ZUE, bnj, TuvIV, MFb, pPBkO, Gwk, xNq, cld, MNqw, PmPWA, lasnq, AmNOjk, lrOKu, omv, maxCk, xqZtk, GbWE, gHXlG, jLLIG, TqfPm, mjXK, ljxm, dyVzY, qQjB, CYa, hTd, lYH, gPH, AcsPw, xLE, DuDUw, uOLSn, kXf, yCBX, vwoVwv, wpHL, NUq, fUEh, ZpZVQT, HMMU, tDydw, lrhum, YJla, Hgl, bRjPIq, ltLTvx, ElmqTY, SFbNE, UeFApY, iZcZwn, reOS, SERmGM,
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